Heat treatment is the key to determine product performance, life and reliability of heat treatment level is a key element to the competitiveness of manufacturing industry, but in our country can not get the attention they deserve, heat treatment and heat treatment quality of the community consciousness, so that there is a big gap with the international advanced level. Earning a meagre profit only by a large number of cheap products. Our design of some key parts in the high-end equipment imported from abroad requires a high price.

Heat treatment behind has become the bottleneck of our country manufacturing industry by the big teams. The author thinks that, to reverse this situation, you first need to change ideas, correct understanding of the role of heat treatment in the manufacturing and the importance of clear understanding the backward condition of heat treatment in China and the damage of the essential reasons, to your best to catch up with the advanced world level.

1. In the play a dominant role in the manufacture of heat treatment

1.1 the progress of the heat treatment is the basis of product innovation

, taking advantage of the heat treatment technology, give full play to the potential of materials, led the development of new products is an important way of promoting the equipment manufacturing industry independent innovation. Such as the development of the ultra-high strength steel process and its application in aircraft landing gear and high-power hydraulic coupling effect; By heat treatment to improve die life will promote the development of high-speed cold heading machine; Nano honeycomb Zr < sub > 2 < / sub > O composite coating can reduce the temperature heat-resistant alloy become the key technology of a new generation of aircraft engine. From at present the country are in urgent need of the development of the strategic and equipment also reflects the important role of heat treatment technology. In plant and equipment development, for example: in the 1950 s the United States began to apply A508-3 steel making plant of large forgings. After decades of continuous research, through improved heat treatment process to improve the strength and toughness, so when a new generation of nuclear power plant design will pressure vessel strength index and low temperature toughness index are a level, reducing the wall thickness of pressure vessels, which can use the same size steel ingot manufacturing volume larger container, adapt to the need of 1 million and 1.4 million kilowatt nuclear power equipment.

By subcritical and supercritical and ultra supercritical steam turbine development is closely related to the martensite heat-resistant steel heat treatment standards, after decades of research abroad, adding trace in high chromium martensitic heat-resistant steel vanadium niobium further improve the high temperature strength, but must accurately grasp the quenching temperature and tempering temperature, the quenching make Nb, V dissolves into austenite, gain tempered martensite after quenching tempering, delay the carbonitride gathered to Nb, V tend to grow up, can under the condition of 600 ℃ long-term running keep sufficient strength, and master the diameter of 1400 mm high pressure rotor heat treatment technology, which enabled millions of mw ultra-supercritical steam turbine to come out, to improve the efficiency of power generation by 20%.

The middle of the 20th century Marine welding steel plate mainly mild steel, carbon steel, only about 300 mpa, yield strength due to the development of the injection pressure medium thickness steel quenching technology, realize the whole alloy conditioning treatment low carbon steel plate, ship plate above the yield strength of 600 mpa, according to foreign reports, the yield strength 800 mpa to 1000 mpa level of thick plate have been used in the manufacture of submarine pressure hull, significantly increased the sinking depth of submarine design, improves the concealment and operational viability.

1.2 do a good job in heat treatment, a few parts

Do a good job in heat treatment, a few parts, heat treatment several top a didn't do a good job in parts, so for mature finalize the design product, through the standard heat treatment can increase reliability and life also has very important significance, also need special pointed out that heat treatment will have a great effect on quality of extensibility, or radiation. For example, used in oil drilling pipe fracture is not losing a one thousand drill pipe or make dozens of root, hundreds of drill pipe buried underground, but drilling had to scrap, makes in the drilling process, it takes a lot of manpower and energy consumption.

All kinds of vehicles, weapons and equipment, and other equipment in some parts heat treatment as a result of quality problem and produce abnormal damage of major accidents are likely to cause human life.

2. The status quo in the face

Lead product by improving heat treatment level of independent innovation in our country, although there is also a success, but not yet widespread attention. In general, the heat treatment there is a big gap with the world advanced level in our country, many service life of the mechanical product quality, reliability and repeatability than similar foreign products, as many of the key parts to the high price of major equipment imported, high-end heat treatment equipment for the defence industry has yet to get rid of backward Introduced - back - to the vicious cycle, enormous quantity wide civil products, although the rapid growth of domestic production scale, but often due to the short service life, high failure rate and the lack of competitiveness in the mire of the malignant price competition, the heat treatment standard of behind the change of product structure and the transformation of the mode of development was severely, this aspect of the case are legion.

With support from the national major projects in recent years, hundreds of high-grade CNC machine tool design and manufacture of success in our country, but the key feature is still dependent on imports, according to understanding our country manufacturing ball screw number of enterprise, the author paid a visit to one of the leading enterprises in the domestic ball screw, see its machining level is very high, can create the highest level of precision level 0 lead screw, and the processing of machine tools are the domestic research and development on its own, but the enterprise manager admitted that heat treatment is the weak link, so that the precision of ball screw holding time, on average, and foreign famous brand product of 1/10, unable to adapt to the requirement of high-grade CNC machine tool.

Zhejiang somewhere in heat treatment production has reached quite large, one of the heat treatment production has more than one hundred million yuan. The factory equipped with many sets of vacuum heat treatment furnace, including a new furnace volume is very big, this is a domestic vacuum book and make the enterprise, according to the original used in the furnace structure, amplify the size. At present in the region of large mold manufacturing, vacuum furnace to hold other heat treatment plant, can only be done to his factory, profit than general mold heat treatment is much higher, as for whether can according to the size of the original furnace structure will be enlarged to ensure the quality of heat treatment, he can not get, anyway, the customer did not mention what quality request, no detection means, blowing in goods into, he le. Outstanding in heat treatment of steel in the region is so, a large number of heat treatment profession of poor farther, rags and old equipment, in order to lower the cost of savage furnace charging, there is no heat treatment technical personnel, metallographic examination, hardness testing, not even form the disorderly market without any quality supervision.

3. The conceptual change first

Manufacturing industry in our country to be the big teams, pays special attention to the heat treatment to improve product performance, stability, quality is a very important and arduous task. In order to achieve the transformation of development mode, the conceptual change first. Includes two aspects of the problem, one is the entire manufacturing and government departments at all levels to change quantity of light quality concept, make the heat treatment by the marginalized return to its important status; Secondly, should firmly establish a! Quality is the life for heat treatment? The concept of. The former need to strive to cause the attention of the whole manufacturing and related government departments, create conditions for the healthy development of our country heat treatment; The latter we should change our ideas, heat treatment itself is also discussed in this article emphatically.

Since heat treatment is to improve and guarantee the key technology of material performance, the quality of heat treatment has a decisive influence on the life and reliability of the product, so strictly control the quality of heat treatment in this is, otherwise, there is no value of the existence of heat treatment.

Quality first, must strict character overhead, must through the experimental research and experience accumulation to specific artifacts to formulate the reasonable heat treatment process and operation method, and in the process of heat treatment strictly enforced; Select the appropriate heat treatment equipment and careful maintenance, ensure the heat treatment equipment (including the instruments) under a state of normal operation; To establish the thermal measurement and material organization performance monitoring system (personnel, equipment and system) make the heat treatment quality is in a state of controlled; Deal with raw materials before heat treatment quality put forward clear reasonable requirements; Set up reasonable raw material quality inspection and management system; Pay attention to tracking products used in the process of information collection, to find and fix problems, to improve the quality of heat treatment. All of which should be the basic concept of the heat treatment of workers and the code of conduct.

To ensure the quality of heat treatment needs to have a serious attitude, need to improve their professional knowledge, but also tend to increase the cost of necessary. Someone asked, heat treatment is to improve the quality of the product or to make money. True profit under the condition of market economy can't afford not to speak, but if only to sacrifice heat treatment quality of profit maximization, will damage the interests of users and cause serious harm, so pay attention to quality is heat treatment workers should have professional ethics.

The farmer and heat treatment of heat treatment of large mill equipment factory packing, cut corners, shoddy, boasting in cheat users, only to make money, do not speak the phenomenon common occurance of quality, such as without effective treatment, heat treatment can play role. Government departments should strengthen the supervision, on the other hand, need to strengthen industry self-discipline. Carry forward the heat treatment professional ethics, set up the concept of quality first, has become our country heat treatment must seriously address the problem.

4. The conclusion

Heat treatment is the key to improve product life and reliability. Improve the quality of the heat treatment is necessary for manufacturing product structure transformation in our country. To master the advanced heat treatment technology to promote a new generation of high-performance product innovation have a significant effect. So pay special attention to the heat treatment is the necessary way of manufacturing industry in our country by the big teams. A long again and tide wait for no man. Fortunately, heat treatment situation in our country has been existing in the early signs of change in the key state science and technology projects and 973 projects with heat treatment. I see in the relationship between enterprise, in recent years, some of the equipment manufacturing enterprise decision-makers begin to realize, in the face of severe competition of globalization relies on scale expansion of the pattern of economic growth hard to continue, grasping quality, creates the brand choice, is a winning formula, which has a great enthusiasm to improve the technical level of the heat treatment. With the implementation of the scientific development concept, heat treatment of workers in China will have a show ingenuity constantly forge ahead of the vast space. I understand and master the information is very limited, hard to avoid biased, the improper and wrong, give is praying to readers.