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Editor:    Date:2016-07-19 17:58:13    Views:5710

    常用有机软钎剂见表1-17.这类钎剂主要包括水溶性有机软钎剂和松香类有机软钎剂两种。与无机软钎剂相比,其特点是化学活性较弱,热稳定性尚好,对母材的腐蚀作用小。在电子工业中广泛用于钎焊铜及铜合金、金、银、镉,其中活性松香钎剂还可用于钎焊镍、钢及不锈钢等。

    水溶性机软钎剂的组成可以是有机酸、有机胺盐、有机胺和醇类。其中,有机酸和有机胺盐是最常用的物质,并有较强的去氧化物的能力,但残渣也有一定的腐蚀性,属于弱腐蚀性钎剂,钎焊后还应清除钎剂的残渣。


表 1-17     常用的有机软钎剂组分和用途


                          牌号                      组分的质量分数/%                       适用于母材、用途
                           -                        乳酸15,水85                        铜、黄铜和青铜
                           -                        盐酸肼5,水95                        铜、黄铜和青铜
                           -                           松香100                        铜、镉、锡和银
                           -                       松香25,酒精75                        铜、镉、锡和银
                           -                 松香40,盐酸谷氨酸3,酒精余量                          铜及铜合金
                           -                松香40,三硬脂酸甘油酯,酒精余量                          铜及铜合金
                           -            松香40,水杨酸2.8,三乙醇胺1.4,酒精余量                          铜及铜合金
                           -                   松香70,氯化铵10,溴酸2                          铜、锌、镍
                           -          松香24,盐酸二乙醇胺4,三乙醇胺2,酒精余量                          铜、锌、镍
                          201           树脂A20,溴化水杨酸10,松香20,酒精余量                        波峰焊和浸渍焊
                         201-2           溴化水杨酸10,松香29.5,甘油0.5,酒精余量                        波峰焊和浸渍焊
                         202-B            溴化肼8,松香20,甘油4,水20,酒精余量                           引线搪锡
                         SD-1              改性酸醛55,溴化水杨酸15,松香30              印电路板的波峰焊、浸渍焊和引线搪锡
                                                  HY-3B 溴化水杨酸12,松香20,改性丙烯酸树脂1.3,缓蚀剂0.25,酒精余量              印电路板的波峰焊、浸渍焊和引线搪锡
                        氟碳-B                  氟碳0.23,松香23,异丙醇76.7              印电路板的波峰焊、浸渍焊和引线搪锡
                          -         聚丙二醇40-50,正磷10-20,松香35,盐酸二乙胺5                        镍铬丝的钎焊
                                                 RJ11          工业凡士林80,松香15,氯化锌4,氯化铵1                         铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ12                   松香30氯化铵1,酒精余量                     镀锌铁皮、铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ13           松香25,二乙胺5,三醛乙基胺2,酒精余量                          铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ14  工业凡士林35,松香20,硬脂酸20,氯化锌13,盐酸苯胺3,水9                          铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ15       松香34,麻油26,硬脂酸14,氯化锌7,氯化铵8,水11                        铜合金和镀锌板
                                                 RJ16              松香28,氯化锌5,氯化铵2,酒精65                           黄铜挂锡
                                                 RJ18                   松香24,氯化锌1,酒精75                          铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ19               松香18,甘油25,氯化锌1,酒精56                          铜及铜合金
                                                 RJ21                   松香38,甘油12,,酒精50               铬钢、镍、铬不锈钢的挂锡和钎焊
                                                 RJ24              松香55,盐酸苯胺2,甘油2,酒精41                          铜及铜合金

    松香类有软钎剂是最常用的有机软钎剂,按其组成可分为普通松香钎剂和活性松香钎剂。普通松香钎剂是以松香粉末或以松香的酒精、松节油溶液形式使用的钎剂。活性松香钎剂是在松香中通过添加性特质而而构成的钎剂,添加的活性物质可以是无机盐、也可以是有机酸或有机胺盐。

    普通松香钎剂钎焊后的钎剂残渣无腐蚀性,电绝缘性好,但钎焊温度不能超过300,否则松香将碳化而丧失去膜能力。活性松香剂比普通松香剂的活性大,去除氧化膜能力强,但钎剂残渣有轻微的腐蚀性,钎焊后应予清除。


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